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Upon hearing the news of Usman's death Holy Prophet sat down under a
tree and said. "We are morally bound to avenge Usman's blood and whosoever
wants to participate in this should take oath for this on my hand that he would
remain loyal till last." All his companions took the oath placing their
hands upon the hand of the Holy Prophet. Holy Prophet declaring his right hand
to be the hand of Usman placing it on his other hand swore on behalf of Usman.
This event is reported in the Holy Quran in these words:
"Verily those who give their hand to thee, In fact gave their
hand to God, the Hand of' God is over their hands, then anyone who violates his
oath, does so to harm his own soul and who fulfills his covenant with God. God
will soon grant him a great reward.'' (Sura
Al fath: V, 10)
After this oath was taken information came in that the news of
Usman's death was not true.
After a long discussion of two days and two nights, Quraish sent a
delegation led by Sohail Bin Umro to Hudaibiya to negotiate with Mohammad an
agreement of non-aggression between Muslims and the people of Makka. Holy
Prophet told Ali to prepare the document of the agreement.
Ali started writing. “In the Name of Allah the most Beneficent and
Merciful.”
Sohail BinUmro interrupted saying we do not acknowledge Allah as the
most Beneficent and Merciful you may write. "In the Name of Our
Allah." because all agreements of Arabs start with these words since
ancient times.
All wrote the next sentence: This has been agreed between Mohammad
the Prophet of Allah and Sohail Bin Umro. He again objected saying you should
not be writing like this because we do not acknowledge Mohammad as the Prophet
of Allah. If we had accepted him as the Prophet of Allah why should have we
been stopping him from entering Makka. So you should be writing: this has been
agreed between Mohammad Bin Abdullah and Sohail Bin Umro.'
Ali looked towards Holy Prophet, he said. "Ali! Write what
Sohail demands, let him be happy." The agreed contract written at that
time reads:
"In the Name Our Allah, this has been agreed between Mohammad
Bin Abdullah and Sohail Bin Umro. And, through this agreement Quraish accepts
an armistice between Makkans and Muslims for ten years. And, that if during
this period of ten years, anyone would go to Muslims without having permission
of Quraish, they would return him to Quraish but if a person, who comes to
Quraish after deserting Muslims, they would not return him to Muslims. During
these ten years of the truce none of the parties would attempt to harm or
damage the lives or belongings of the other party. During these ten years of
truce, the Quraish: would be at liberty to make agreements and have relations
with anyone, which they may wish Muslims are not permitted to enter Makka and
perform pilgrimage this year, though the next year they can come to perform pilgrimage
of Kaaba, on the condition that they would stay in the city for more than three
years and they would not bring any weapon other than their swords."
This agreement was made on the 7th year of Hegira (Migration of the
Holy Prophet. All the Muslims present there were feeling disgraced and were
depressed because of the terms and conditions of the agreement. Omar approached
Holy Prophet and asked him. "Didn't you say that we would go to Makka and
perform pilgrimage?" Holy Prophet consoled him saying. “Indeed. God
willing, you will go to Makka and have the opportunity of circumambulating
Ka'aba."
Only after two days of signing of Hudaibiya Agreement. Abu Jandal, who had embraced Islam was
imprisoned by his father, managed to escape and reach Hudaihiya to join
Muslims. Soon after his arrival there Sohail Bin Umro also reached there and
addressing the Muslims said. "According the terms of the agreement between
you and us if a person runs away from Quraish and seeks asylum from Muslims is
liable to be returned therefore you return to me my son Abu Jandal. Holy Prophet
returned Abu Jandal to his father. Abu Jandal pleaded that his father would
kill him. Holy Prophet said, "Don't be afraid Abu Jandal, God will protect
you." Muslims could not take it and they were enraged but they controlled
themselves in the light of the Oath of Rizwan.
When Holy Prophet saw that the Muslims were so dejected he assembled
them and rehearsed these verses of Sura Fatah:
"Allah's Good Pleasure was on the believers when they swore.
Fealty to thee under the tree: He knew what was in their hearts and He sent
down upon them tranquility and He rewards them with Victory soon.
Holy Prophet told the Muslims to sacrifice the animals, shave off
their heads and take off their pilgrimage robes. He repeated his words three
times but nobody moved as they were in no mood to obey due to heavy grief
anguish and depression. Seeing that Holy Prophet felt poignant and he entered
his tent and expressed his disappointment concerning the behavior of his
followers to Um-e-Salma. She suggested that he should not be disappointed and
should start with his sacrificing, shaving his head and taking off his Ahram,
the Muslims would certainly follow him.
When Holy Prophet shaved off his head after offering his sacrifice,
the companions also followed him and after sacrificing their animals, shaved
off their heads and took off their.
MOHAMMAD (PBUH) The Prophet Of God - Part I
KHWAJA SHAMS-UD-DEEN AZEEMI
By the Time, verily man is in great loss,
except those who strive to act upon the teachings
of Holy Prophet and the Quran.